A collaboration of CNAM members including Richard L. Greene and Tarapada Sarkar, together with researchers from SLAC, ESRF, CNR-Spin and Binghamton University, has been exploring the Three-dimensional collective charge excitations in electron-doped copper oxide superconductors.
High-temperature copper oxide superconductors consist of stacked CuO2 planes, with electronic band structures and magnetic excitations that are primarily two-dimensional, but with superconducting coherence that is three-dimensional. This dichotomy highlights the importance of out-of-plane charge dynamics, which has been found to be incoherent in the normal state, within a limited range of momenta accessible by optics. In this research, we used resonant inelastic X-ray scattering to RIXS explore the charge dynamics across all three dimensions of the Brillouin zone. Polarization analysis of recently discovered collective excitations (modes) in electron-doped copper oxides reveals their charge origin, that is, without mixing with magnetic components. The excitations disperse along both the in-plane and out-of-plane directions, revealing its three-dimensional nature. The periodicity of the out-of-plane dispersion corresponds to the distance between neighboring CuO2 planes rather than to the crystallographic c-axis lattice constant, suggesting that the interplane Coulomb interaction is responsible for the coherent out-of-plane charge dynamics. The observed properties are hallmarks of the long-sought ‘acoustic plasmon’, which is a branch of distinct charge collective modes predicted for layered systems and argued to play a substantial part in mediating high-temperature superconductivity.
This work is now published October 31, 2018 in Nature. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0648-3/#auth-1
An independent review of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation's Emergent Phenomena in Quantum Systems (EPiQS) Initiative was recently conducted to assess the quality and impact of this $90M program (see report here). The EPiQS five-year program was aimed to stimulate breakthroughs that fundamentally change our understanding of the organizing principles of complex matter in solid materials. In its first phase, the initiative supported experimental investigators, materials synthesis investigators and fellows, and theory centers, along with funding for equipment grants and community- building activities. The Moore Foundation has just announced it is going to continue this program into a second phase, adding $95M for the next six years to support discovery-driven research in this rapidly growing field.